24: "As for our relations with the DPRK, the treaty was ratified today; it has Article 4. We have never doubted that North Korean leadership takes the agreement seriously." Article 4 of the agreement specifies that if either nation faces an "armed invasion," the other is committed to providing "military and other assistance with all means in its possession." This provision establishes the closest military alliance between Moscow and Pyongyang since the Cold War. Ukraine launched a cross-border incursion into Kursk Oblast in early August, allegedly seizing around 100 settlements and over 1,300 square kilometers (500 square miles). Russia began a counteroffensive in the region in September, with reportedly minimal success.Ukraine's military intelligence (HUR) reported on Oct. 24 that the first North Korean soldiers had been deployed alongside Russian forces on the front line in Kursk Oblast.

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